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Y'all regularly send in questions wanting to know how to report concerns you’ve observed at zoos you’ve visited. I’ve been able to point people at the USDA (regulatory) option, but with regard to accrediting groups I haven’t had a good answer. I spent the last six months or so really digging into why there hasn’t been a good answer. What I’ve found is that the majority of zoological accrediting groups in the United States don’t provide any way for the public to report issues they’ve observed at accredited facilities, and none of said organizations have a mechanism for truly supporting / protecting staff who might choose to report issues at their own facilities. Which is. not great.
I wrote a whole Substack post about it a few days ago, arguing that in order to remain credible institutions accrediting groups must facilitate public reporting, anonymous reporting, and commit to enforcing penalties for any retaliation against staff who choose to utilize the option. I’m linking it below for anyone who is interested in all the details. CW at the beginning for animal abuse mentions - I started the piece by discussing a truly egregious welfare situation that occurred last year at a Miami facility, which might have been prevented or at least caught earlier if the two groups that accredit the facility had had a reporting mechanism in place.
What I want to talk about here, though, is specifically why accrediting orgs need to not only have an anonymous reporting option for staff, but why they must ban retaliation and penalize any facility that does it anyway. Whenever something terrible happens at a zoo or sanctuary, people always ask “why didn’t the staff say something?” And the answer is, basically, because taking that risk can get you not just fired, but blacklisted from the field. People literally end up having to choose between their careers and making noise about issues that aren’t being resolved, and that’s absolutely not freaking okay. But I want to explain for you the extent of the issue.
If you’re not industry, something you might be surprised to learn is that most zoo staff don’t have any special reporting options above and beyond what the public does. Most zookeepers and other low-level staff never interact with people from accrediting groups except during an actual inspection - so if there’s a problem, it’s not like they know someone they can back-channel a concern to if they don’t feel safe reporting it publicly. And for the most part, reporting things your facility is doing to an accrediting group will always be considered inappropriate and probably get a keeper in trouble (even if it’s a really valid issue).
The zoological industry runs on a strongly hierarchical system. Staff are expected to “stay within their lanes” and work within the established bureaucracy to resolve issues. Deviating from this, if staff feel like management are suppressing issues or something needs to be addressed urgently, is very heavily frowned upon. Basically, going around management to bring something to an accrediting group (or USDA, or the media) is seen as indicating that your facility has failed to address a problem, or that the individual making the report feels they know more than their superiors. At most places, no matter how extreme an issue may become, there’s never a point at which it would be acceptable for a staff member to reveal a facility’s internal issues to their accrediting body.
The thing is, attempting to resolve issues through the proper internal channels at a facility doesn’t always work! It can result in an issue being covered up (especially if the company is kinda shady) or suppressed rather than addressed. If staff decide to push the issue, it can really backfire and jeopardize their job, because it’s expected that if management says something is fine, staff need to acquiesce and go along with it.
There have been a couple high-profile examples of this in the last decade: the incident I mention in my Substack where new management at the Miami Seaquarium decided to starve dolphins to coerce them into participating in guest programs, and an issue at the Austin Zoo five-ish years ago where the director was perpetuating serious welfare issues and ignoring staff feedback. In both cases, there’s always the questions of where the accrediting group was. We don’t know anything about what happened with the Seaquarium (it’s been over six months since the USDA report documenting the diet cuts was released and AMMPA and American Humane haven’t said a thing), but I remember hearing that ZAA had no idea what was happening at Austin because nobody had reached out to them about it.
This is why I’m arguing that all zoological accrediting groups need to make visible reporting options and make sure staff feel safe enough to use them! If you’ve got a facility perpetuating or not dealing with major issues, it’s pretty probable that they’re going to be unhappy if their staff reports those issues to any oversight body. That’s not a situation where it’s currently safe to speak up right now - and four out of five zoological accrediting groups in the US don’t have standards prohibiting retaliation against staff for bringing up issues like that! (Surprisingly, it’s not AZA. It’s the sanctuary accrediting group, GFAS). Without any option for internal reporting, issues may not get addressed - which hurts animal welfare - or people risk losing their job, possibly their entire career in the field (which is a huge part of people’s identities!), and their financial stability to advocate for their animals.
Currently, the two accrediting groups that do have reporting options (AZA and GFAS) stay they’ll attempt to keep reports anonymous, but acknowledge it may not be possible to do so. (Which tracks, because zoo jobs are highly specialized and only a few people may be exposed to an issue). However, only GFAS prohibits facilities from retaliating against people who make reports. On top of that, there’s absolutely no transparency about what happens next: GFAS, ZAA, AMMPA and AH have no information about how the process transpires and if someone making a report will get any information back about what happened. AZA straight up says that all accreditation stuff is proprietary (read: confidential) so you just have to trust that they dealt with it appropriately. Just yeet your report into the void and hope the groups doing oversight handle it correctly when there’s no accountability? That’s… not a great look for animal welfare concerns.
I hope the industry chooses to fix this problem. I hope it chooses to invest in transparency and increased credibility. I don’t know what I expect, but I’d like to see these accrediting groups do the right thing.
My full write-up on how accrediting groups in the US handle reporting and concerns (or don’t) is linked below.
(via headspace-hotel)
